Abandonware DOS title

The most popular based on a novel games

A lot of old games were based on a book, being it a novel or even a short story. Some novels that inspired developers to create video games are The Lords of the Rings (by J. R. R. Tolkien, Rendez Vous with Rama (by Arthur Clarke), The Mist (by Stephen King).
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The Fellowship of the Ring

DOS19864.1/5 Beam Software
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Return of the Phantom

DOS1993protecteddemo3.7/5 MicroProse Software
Return of the Phantom is adventure game set in France, designed by Raymond Benson, developed by MicroProse Software and released in 1993 for DOS only. Return of the Phantom is a third-person adventure game based on the book Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux.
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Callahan's Crosstime Saloon

DOS19974/5 Legend Entertainment
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Touché: The Adventures of the Fifth Musketeer

DOS19954.1/5 Clipper Software
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20000 Leagues under the sea

DOS19883.8/5 Coktel Vision
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Below The Root

DOS19843.7/5 Dale Disharoon, Inc.
Below the root is an atipycal early 2 dimensional adventure game based on the Zilpha Keatley Snyder novels: the Green Sky Trilogy. The player can choose one of many characters, each with different skills and embark in a quest to eliminate the distrust between two races: the Erdling and the Kindar.
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Dune Generations

Windows XP/98/952002canceled3.8/5 Cryo Interactive Entertainment
Dune Generations was a canceled 3D MMO strategy game set in the Dune universe that was never published. Dune Generations was in development by Cryo Interactive Entertainment, but it was canceled in 2002 when the company filed for bankruptcy. As of 2002 the game was still in the alpha stage; what's left are some screenshots ...
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Gateway 2: Homeworld

DOS1993protected3.9/5 Legend Entertainment
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Megafortress

DOS1991protected4.1/5 Artech Studios
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The mist

DOS19854/5 Angelsoft
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The Cardinal of the Kremlin

DOS19903.9/5 Capstone
The Cardinal of the Kremlin is an abandoned simulation game involving espionage, politics and govern management set in the cold war years. It was designed by Kenneth Rothschild, developed by Capstone and released by IntraCorp in 1990 for DOS and Amiga. The Cardinal of the Kremlin was based on the Tom Clancy novel of the same name.
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Team Yankee

DOS19904.2/5 Oxford Digital Enterprises
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9 Princes in Amber

DOS19854.1/5 Telarium
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Return to Ringworld

DOS19943.8/5 Tsunami Media
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Rendezvous with Rama

DOS19853.7/5 Telarium
arthur-excalibur-02

Arthur: The Quest for Excalibur

DOS19894/5 Infocom
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Ringworld: Revenge of the Patriarch

DOS19923.8/5 Tsunami Media
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Flight of the Intruder

DOS19904.2/5 Rowan Software
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Alice in Wonderland

DOS19893.3/5
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Prisoner of Ice

DOS1995protected4.1/5 Chaosium Inc.
farehneith451-04

Farenheit 451

DOS19843.4/5 Telarium
4th-protocol-02

The Fourth Protocol

DOS19874/5 The Electronic Pencil Co.
zorro-3

Zorro

DOS19953.3/5 Capstone
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Red Storm Rising

DOS19894/5 MicroProse Software
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Pacific Islands

DOS19924.3/5 Oxford Digital Enterprises
hunt-for-red-october-01

The Hunt for Red October

DOSMac OS19874.1/5 Oxford Digital Enterprises
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Shannara

DOS1995protected4/5 Legend Entertainment
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Hook

DOS19924.2/5 Shadow Software
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Dragonflight

DOS19913.6/5 Thalion